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Ulcerative Colitis

Learn more about symptoms, risk factors and treatment options.

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What is it?

Ulcerative colitis is a disease that causes inflammation and ulcers (sores) in the lining of the large intestine. It’s also called inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the general name for diseases that cause inflammation in the intestinal tract. 

 

Ulcers form where inflammation has killed the cells that usually line the colon, then bleed and produce pus. Inflammation in the colon also causes the colon to empty frequently, resulting in diarrhea.

Symptoms

Symptoms of ulcerative colitis include:

  • Abdominal pain or discomfort 
  • Diarrhea 
  • Rectal pain or bleeding

When to see a doctor

Occasional abdominal distress such as cramping, bloating or diarrhea often resolve on their own. If your symptoms seem severe or if they persist, it’s time to see a doctor. Screening for ulcerative colitis is not routine. It requires the expertise of a doctor with special training in the diagnosis and management of diseases of the intestinal tract.

 

Causes and risk factors

Risk factors for developing ulcerative colitis include:

  • Ethnicity: Caucasian; people of Jewish heritage
  • Genetics: Blood relative with ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease

 

Treatment options

If you have ulcerative colitis, your treatment may include medication or surgery.

 

Testing

Your doctor can help you determine if you have ulcerative colitis. They may recommend the following tests or procedures:

  • Stool tests
  • Colonoscopy
  • Flexible sigmoidoscopy

Prevention

Ulcerative colitis cannot be prevented. If you’re diagnosed with it, see your doctor regularly to ensure it’s being managed.

 

Additional conditions

Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

Acid Reflux, Heartburn and GERD

HPV & Anal Cancer